Internet, Web and Online Services
What is the Internet; The World Wide Web; Search Engines; Email; Online Services and Internet Terms; Safe Internet Habits and Netiquette
On this page9 sections
- 01Learning Objectives
- 02What is the Internet
- 03The World Wide Web
- 04Search Engines
- 05Email
- 06Online Services and Internet Terms
- 07Safe Internet Habits and Netiquette
- 08Practical Work
- 09Scenario-Based Questions
Learning Objectives
- Describe the internet and the World Wide Web and how they differ.
- Explain the work of browsers, search engines and email.
- State common internet terms and online services.
- Apply safe internet habits and good netiquette.
What is the Internet
The internet is the largest computer network in the world. It connects millions of smaller networks across every country. It began in the late 1960s as a project of the United States Department of Defence, which built a network called ARPANET in 1969 to connect four university computers.
ARPANET used packet switching, which breaks data into small blocks called packets that travel independently and are put back together at the destination. In 1983 the network adopted a set of rules called TCP/IP, which let different networks communicate, and the joined networks became known as the internet.
The World Wide Web
The World Wide Web, often called the Web, is a system of linked web pages and websites accessed through the internet using a browser. The Web is a service that runs on the internet, but it is not the same as the internet. Think of the internet as the roads and the Web as the buildings along them.
In 1989 Tim Berners-Lee proposed the Web. He created HTML for writing web pages, URLs for addressing them and HTTP for transferring them. A web browser, such as Chrome, Firefox, Edge or Safari, finds a web page using the domain name system and displays it on the screen.
Search Engines
A search engine is a tool that helps you find information on the internet. You type keywords and it shows a list of matching pages. Google is the most widely used, and others include Bing, Yahoo, DuckDuckGo and Baidu.
Search engines use programs called crawlers that scan web pages and record their content in a huge index. When you search, the engine matches your keywords against the index and returns the most relevant results.
Email, short for electronic mail, is one of the oldest internet services. It lets a user send and receive messages and files digitally. An email address has three parts: the username, the at symbol and the domain name, as in fatima@creativebrains.edu.ng.
When writing an email, the To field holds the address, the Subject gives a short description, the Body holds the message, and Attachments are files such as documents or images added to the message.
Online Services and Internet Terms
The internet provides many services. Online banking lets people manage accounts and pay bills. Online shopping lets people buy and sell, with Jumia and Konga in Nigeria. Online education provides courses and lessons. Other services include health, social media, cloud storage and entertainment.
Several terms are used every day. Upload means sending a file to a server, and download means bringing a file to your device. A client requests services and a server provides them. A website is a collection of linked pages, and a web page is one document on a website. FTP moves files, VoIP carries voice calls over the internet, and streaming plays audio or video without a full download.
Safe Internet Habits and Netiquette
Safe habits protect a learner online. Never share personal information on public sites, use strong passwords, think before clicking links and check that a site uses https before entering details. Treat information with care and report anything suspicious to a trusted adult.
Netiquette is the set of polite habits for communicating online. Use a kind tone, avoid writing in capital letters, think before sharing a photo of another person, and never spread rumours or false news.
| Feature | Internet | World Wide Web |
|---|---|---|
| What it is | The global network of networks | A system of linked pages on the internet |
| Date | Late 1960s | 1989 |
| Includes | Email, files, calls, the Web | Web pages only |
| Reached with | A connection | A browser |
| Term | Meaning |
|---|---|
| Upload | Sending a file to a server |
| Download | Bringing a file to your device |
| Client | A computer that requests services |
| Server | A computer that provides services |
| Website | A collection of linked web pages |
| Web page | A single document on a website |
Practical Work
- Open a browser and visit a trusted website, then save the page to your favourites.
- Use a search engine to find information on a topic and write down the steps you followed.
- Send an email with a subject line and one attachment.
- Write five safe internet habits on a chart and display it in the computer lab.
Scenario-Based Questions
- Fatima sends an email and also visits a website. Does she use the internet for both activities? Explain how the internet and the Web are related but different.
- A student searches for the history of Nigeria on Google and clicks the first result. Trace the steps from typing the search to seeing the page, naming the technologies involved.
- A classmate shares a bank PIN on a messaging app. What risk does this create, and what would you advise?
- You receive an email saying you have won one million naira and asking for your bank details. Using phishing, explain why it is suspicious and what you should do.
- A parent asks a child to check whether a website is safe before entering personal information. What two things should the child check?
- Explain three online services the internet provides, with one example of each.
- Explain why the internet is not the same as the World Wide Web.
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: BY THE END OF THE LESSON PUPILS SHOULD BE ABLE TO:
| Cognitive | i. Describe the internet and the World Wide Web and how they differ. ii. Explain the work of browsers, search engines and email. iii. State common internet terms and online services. iv. Apply safe internet habits and good netiquette. |
| Affective | i. Appreciate the value of Internet, Web and Online Services in school, at home and in the community. ii. Show willingness to use digital tools carefully, safely and responsibly. |
| Psychomotor | i. Open a browser and visit a trusted website, then save the page to your favourites. ii. Use a search engine to find information on a topic and write down the steps you followed. iii. Send an email with a subject line and one attachment. iv. Write five safe internet habits on a chart and display it in the computer lab. |
Rationale: The internet is the largest computer network in the world. Understanding what is the Internet, the World Wide Web, search Engines, email helps learners use digital technology confidently, safely and responsibly.
Pre-requisite Knowledge: In Week 5, learners studied Network Components and Topologies, including network Hardware Components, network Topologies, internet Infrastructure. The knowledge from that week is used again in this lesson.
Learning Material/Teaching Aid: Whiteboard, markers, computer or laptop where available, printed notes and charts on Internet, Web and Online Services, practical task sheets, learners' notebooks and pens.
Reference Materials: Digital Technology for Junior Secondary Schools (JSS 2); NERDC Digital Technology Curriculum; Digital Technology JSS 2 First Term Notes (Week 6); First Term examination and Continuous Assessment question papers.
LESSON DEVELOPMENT
| Stage/Step (Time) | Teacher's Activities | Student's Activities | Learning Points |
|---|---|---|---|
| Introduction 5 MINUTES | Welcomes learners, revises Week 5 (Network Components and Topologies) with two quick oral questions, and asks what they already know about Internet, Web and Online Services. Elicits responses and writes the topic on the board. | Recall the previous lesson and share what they already know about Internet, Web and Online Services. | Connecting prior knowledge to Internet, Web and Online Services. |
| Step 1 6 MINUTES | Covers What is the Internet: The internet is the largest computer network in the world. It connects millions of smaller networks across every country. Covers The World Wide Web: The World Wide Web, often called the Web, is a system of linked web pages and websites accessed through the internet using a browser. The Web is a service that runs on the internet, but it is not the same as the internet. | Listen, take notes and answer oral questions on "What is the Internet" and related points. | Understanding: What is the Internet; The World Wide Web. |
| Step 2 6 MINUTES | Covers Search Engines: A search engine is a tool that helps you find information on the internet. You type keywords and it shows a list of matching pages. Covers Email: Email, short for electronic mail, is one of the oldest internet services. It lets a user send and receive messages and files digitally. | Copy the key points, give examples from school and everyday life, and ask questions on "Search Engines" and related points. | Understanding: Search Engines; Email. |
| Step 3 6 MINUTES | Covers Online Services and Internet Terms: The internet provides many services. Online banking lets people manage accounts and pay bills. Online shopping lets people buy and sell, with Jumia and Konga in Nigeria. | Discuss in pairs, then report one point on "Online Services and Internet Terms" to the class. | Understanding: Online Services and Internet Terms. |
| Step 4 6 MINUTES | Covers Safe Internet Habits and Netiquette: Safe habits protect a learner online. Never share personal information on public sites, use strong passwords, think before clicking links and check that a site uses https before entering details. Treat information with care and report anything suspicious to a trusted adult. | Respond to questions, complete the examples on the board and note down "Safe Internet Habits and Netiquette". | Understanding: Safe Internet Habits and Netiquette. |
| Practical Work 6 MINUTES | Guides learners through the practical work: (i) Open a browser and visit a trusted website, then save the page to your favourites. (ii) Use a search engine to find information on a topic and write down the steps you followed. (iii) Send an email with a subject line and one attachment. Moves round the class to check progress and correct unsafe or careless use. | Carry out the practical tasks individually or in pairs and record what they did in their notebooks. | Applying the lesson through hands-on practice. |
| Evaluation 3 MINUTES | Asks learners to: i. Describe the internet and the World Wide Web and how they differ. ii. Explain the work of browsers, search engines and email. iii. State common internet terms and online services. iv. Apply safe internet habits and good netiquette. | Respond verbally and in writing to the evaluation questions. | Assessment and consolidation of the lesson content. |
| Conclusion 2 MINUTES | Recaps the main points: what is the Internet, the World Wide Web, search Engines, email, online Services and Internet Terms. Links them to the assignment and previews Week 7: Cloud Computing and Digital Storage. | Listen, ask questions and copy the assignment. | Reinforcement of key concepts and a preview of the next lesson. |
Assignment: i. Fatima sends an email and also visits a website. Does she use the internet for both activities? Explain how the internet and the Web are related but different. ii. A student searches for the history of Nigeria on Google and clicks the first result. Trace the steps from typing the search to seeing the page, naming the technologies involved.
On this page9 sections
- 01Lesson objectives
- 02Key vocabulary
- 03Common misconceptions
- 04Teacher activities
- 05Student activities
- 06Practical / learning evidence
- 07Resources and preparation
- 08Assessment for learning
- 09Inclusion and homework
Lesson objectives
By the end of the week, learners should be able to:
- Recap the internet and World Wide Web distinction from First Term.
- Name at least six common online services such as email, video calls and cloud storage.
- Compare browsing, streaming and online gaming as service types.
- State three benefits and two risks of online services for a learner.
- Judge whether a given statement is about the internet, the web or an online service.
Key vocabulary
- Online service: a named activity delivered over the internet or a web page.
- Email: text and attachment messaging over the internet.
- Streaming: delivering media continuously without storing a full copy.
- Online gaming: multiplayer play hosted on remote servers.
- Cloud service: storage or processing owned remotely and accessed online.
- Social media: a platform for publishing and sharing user content.
Common misconceptions
- "Google and YouTube are the same thing." Google is a search engine; YouTube is a streaming video site.
- "Every online service needs an internet connection." A website can be cached locally without internet access.
- "Online services never show risk." Phishing and viruses travel through many online services.
Teacher activities
- Starter: hold up a phone and an email inbox and ask which is an online service.
- Recap internet versus web distinction and list six common online services.
- Compare browsing, streaming and gaming on the same service criteria.
- Introduce cloud storage as an online service and show a screenshot.
- Give learners three statements to sort into internet, web or online service.
- Close with the exit question and a five-item recall quiz.
Student activities
- Answer the starter and name the online service shown.
- Name six common online services in their own words.
- Compare browsing, streaming and gaming using two criteria each.
- State three benefits and two risks of online services for a learner.
- Sort three statements into internet, web or online service buckets.
- Complete the five-item recall quiz and mark their own answers.
Practical / learning evidence
A one-page sorting chart of six online services with criteria, a three-statement bucket sort and the five-item recall quiz. Submit all three for marking.
Resources and preparation
Printed service chart, three statement cards and the recall quiz. Offline route: paper versions of all three, no device needed. Keep screenshots on the projector only during demonstration.
Assessment for learning
Inspect the service chart for six distinct services and two criteria each. Mark the sorting for each correct bucket. Check the recall quiz for correct answers and flag misses for reteaching.
Inclusion and homework
Provide the service chart prefilled with criteria labels and allow oral completion. Extend confident learners with seven services and a fourth comparison column. Homework: name two online services you use and describe each benefit and risk in one sentence.